database([ star(["awesome", "movie", "one"],[["emma","z"],["abhijeet","m"]],["lara","b"]), star(["awesome", "movie", "two"],[["lara","b"]],["abhijeet","m"]), star(["awesome", "movie", "three"],[["emma","z"]],["some","one","else"])]) answer(Query, Answer) :- split_string_into_words(Query, WordList) & database(D) & tokenize(WordList, Answer, D) /* ================================================================================ utilities ================================================================================ */ concat_string_list([],"") concat_string_list([S],S) concat_string_list(cons(S, cons(A,Rest)), Result) :- concat_string_list(cons(A,Rest), R) & evaluate(stringappend(S, " ", R), Result) nth1(X,1,X!_) nth1(X, K, _!L) :- nth1(X, K1, L) & evaluate(plus(1,K1),K) /*string concat*/ string_concat(A,B,C) :- evaluate(stringappend(A, " ",B),C) nth1(1, cons(Elem,_), Elem) nth1(Index, cons(F, Rest), Elem) :- distinct(F,Elem) & nth1(PrevIndex, Rest, Elem) & evaluate(plus(PrevIndex,1),Index) /* Formats a list of lists in the following manner: Usage: concat_string_list_of_lists([["David", "Lynch"], ["First", "Last"], ["Some", "Name"]], Result), writeln(Result). ==> "David Lynch, First Last, and Some Name" */ concat_string_list_of_lists([],"") concat_string_list_of_lists([Head], H):- concat_string_list(Head, H) concat_string_list_of_lists(cons(First,cons(Second,nil)),H) :- concat_string_list(First,F) & concat_string_list(Second, S)& concat_string_list(cons(F, cons("and", [S])),H) concat_string_list_of_lists(cons(Head,cons(Second, cons(Third,Tail))), Result) :- concat_string_list_of_lists(cons(Second, cons(Third,Tail)), Rest) & concat_string_list(Head, H) & string_concat(H, ", ", HeadSpace) & string_concat(HeadSpace, Rest, Result) /* split_string_into_words: only works for lower case letters and numbers though... split_string_into_words(+String, -WordList) */ split_string_into_words(S, Res) :- evaluate(readstringall(S),X) & list_stringify(X, Res) list_stringify([],[]) list_stringify(cons(X, L), cons(S, SL)) :- list_stringify(L, SL) & evaluate(stringify(X),S) /* drop_last_elem_from_list(+InputList, -ResultList) */ drop_last_elem_from_list([X], []) drop_last_elem_from_list(cons(X, L), cons(X, RL)) :- drop_last_elem_from_list(L, RL) /* has_suffix(-Prefix, +Suffix, +Input) */ has_suffix(Prefix, Suffix, Input) :- evaluate(stringappend("(.*)",Suffix),Pattern) & evaluate(matches(Input, Pattern), [A,Prefix]) & same(A, Input) /* has_prefix(+Prefix, -Suffix, +Input) */ has_prefix(Prefix, Suffix, Input) :- evaluate(stringappend(Prefix, "(.*)"),Pattern) & evaluate(matches(Input, Pattern), [A,Suffix]) & same(A, Input) /* ================================================================================ query.pl functions ================================================================================ */ /* find_all_movies_by_type(+Role, +ProvidedInfo, -Movies, +Database) */ find_all_movies_by_type(NewRole, ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) :- same(NewRole,stardirector) & find_all_movies_by_person(ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) find_all_movies_by_type(NewRole, ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) :- same(NewRole,star) & find_all_movies_by_star(ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) find_all_movies_by_type(NewRole, ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) :- same(NewRole,director) & find_all_movies_by_director(ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) /* find_all_movies_by_person(+Person, -Movies, +Database) */ find_all_movies_by_person(Person, Movies, Database) :- find_all_movies_by_star(Person, StarredMovies, Database) & find_all_movies_by_director(Person, DirectedMovies, Database) & evaluate(append(StarredMovies, DirectedMovies), Movies) /* find_all_movies_by_star(+Star, -Movies, +Database) */ find_all_movies_by_star(Star, Movies, Database) :- evaluate(setofall(Movie,find_one_movie_by_star(Star, Movie, Database)), Movies) find_one_movie_by_star(Star, Movie, Database) :- member(star(Movie, Stars, _), Database) & member(Star, Stars) /* find_all_movies_by_director(+Director, -Movies, +Database) */ find_all_movies_by_director(Director, Movies, Database) :- evaluate(setofall(Movie,find_one_movie_by_director(Director, Movie, Database)), Movies) find_one_movie_by_director(Director, Movie, Database) :- member(star(Movie, _, Director), Database) /* ================================================================================ token.pl functions ================================================================================ */ tokenize(WordList, Result, Database) :- find_query_attributes(WordList, QAttr,PAttr, Suffix) & eliminate_double_negation(WordList, WordListNoDoubleNegs) & tokenize_string_list(WordListNoDoubleNegs, [], _, Database, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix, Result) tokenize_string_list([],Accumulated,[Result],Database,QAttr, PAttr, Suffix,Message) :- finds_closest_in_database(Accumulated, Result, Database, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix,Message) tokenize_string_list(cons(Word,Rest), Accumulated, cons(Result,cons(Token,RestTokens)),Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) :- token(Word, Token, _) & finds_closest_in_database(Accumulated, Result, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) & tokenize_string_list(cons(Word,Rest), [], RestTokens, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) tokenize_string_list(cons(Word,Rest), _, cons(Token, RestTokens),Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) :- token(Word, Token, _) & tokenize_string_list(Rest, [], RestTokens, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) tokenize_string_list(cons(Word,Rest), Accumulated, RestTokens, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) :- evaluate(append(Accumulated, [Word]), NewlyAccumulated) & tokenize_string_list(Rest, NewlyAccumulated, RestTokens, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix,Message) finds_closest_in_database(WordList, Result, Database, QAttr, PAttr,Suffix, Message) :- exists_in_database_left(WordList, Result, Database,RelevantData,ValidRoles, ProvidedInfo) & attributeFromList(RelevantData, Database, QAttr, PAttr, _, Message, Suffix,ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) finds_closest_in_database(WordList, Result, Database,QAttr, PAttr,Suffix, Message) :- exists_in_database_right(WordList, Result, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) & attributeFromList(RelevantData, Database, QAttr, PAttr, _, Message,Suffix, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) finds_closest_in_database(cons(_, ShorterWordList), Result, Database,QAttr, PAttr,Suffix, Message) :- finds_closest_in_database(ShorterWordList, Result, Database,QAttr, PAttr,Suffix, Message) finds_closest_in_database(WordList, Result, Database,QAttr, PAttr, Suffix,Message) :- drop_last_elem_from_list(WordList, ShorterWordList) & finds_closest_in_database(ShorterWordList, Result, Database,QAttr, PAttr,Suffix, Message) /* exists_in_database_left(+WordList, -Result, +Database, -RelevantData, -ValidRole, -ProvidedInfo) check if a suffix of WordList exists in the database and extract information from it. for example, if ["James","Cameron"] exists in the database as a director, then calling exists_in_database_left on ["some", "other", "strings", "James","Cameron"] will retrieve ["James","Cameron"]. */ exists_in_database_left(WordList, WordList, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) :- exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) exists_in_database_left(cons(_, ShorterWordList), Result, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) :- exists_in_database_left(ShorterWordList, Result, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) /* exists_in_database_right(+WordList, -Result, +Database, -RelevantData, -ValidRole, -ProvidedInfo) check if a prefix of WordList exists in the database and extract information from it. for example, if ["James","Cameron"] exists in the database as a director, then calling exists_in_database_left on ["James","Cameron", "some", "other", "strings"] will retrieve ["James","Cameron"]. */ exists_in_database_right(WordList, WordList, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) :- exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) exists_in_database_right(WordList, Result, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) :- drop_last_elem_from_list(WordList, ShorterWordList) & exists_in_database_right(ShorterWordList, Result, Database,RelevantData, ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo) /* exists_in_database(+WordList, +Database, -RelevantData, -ValidRole, -ProvidedInfo) check if WordList exists in the database and extract information from it. */ exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, movie,ProvidedInfo) :- member(star(WordList, Stars, Director), Database) & same(RelevantData, [WordList, Stars, Director]) & same(ProvidedInfo, WordList) exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, star,ProvidedInfo) :- ~person_both(WordList,Database) & member(star(Movie, X, Director), Database) & member(WordList,X) & same(RelevantData, [Movie, X, Director]) & same(ProvidedInfo, WordList) exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, director,ProvidedInfo) :- ~person_both(WordList,Database) & member(star(Movie, Stars, WordList), Database) & same(RelevantData, [Movie,Stars, WordList]) & same(ProvidedInfo, WordList) exists_in_database(WordList, Database,RelevantData, stardirector,ProvidedInfo) :- person_both(WordList,Database) & same(ProvidedInfo, WordList) /* person_both(+Person, +Database) true if a person serves both as director and star */ person_both(Person,Database) :- member(star(_,_,Person),Database) & member(star(_,S2,_),Database) & member(Person,S2) /* eliminate_double_negation(+InputList, -ResultList) remove consecutive negation words from WordList */ eliminate_double_negation([],[]) eliminate_double_negation(cons(Word1,cons(Word2, Rest)),Result) :- negToken(Word1,_) & negToken(Word2,_) & eliminate_double_negation(Rest, Result) eliminate_double_negation(cons(Word,Rest),cons(Word,Result)) :- ~negToken(Word,_) & eliminate_double_negation(Rest, Result) eliminate_double_negation(cons(Head,cons(Word,Rest)),cons(Head,cons(Word,Result))) :- ~negToken(Word,_) & eliminate_double_negation(Rest, Result) /* lara*/ /* */ matchesOrNotProvided(PAttr,ValidRoles, _, NewRole) :- same(PAttr, ValidRoles) & same(NewRole, PAttr) matchesOrNotProvided(PAttr,ValidRoles, _, NewRole):- ~same(PAttr, ValidRoles) & ~same(notspecified,PAttr) & same(stardirector,ValidRoles) & same(NewRole, PAttr) matchesOrNotProvided(PAttr,ValidRoles, _, NewRole):- ~same(PAttr, ValidRoles)& same(notspecified,PAttr) & ~same(stardirector,ValidRoles) & same(NewRole, ValidRoles) matchesOrNotProvided(PAttr,ValidRoles,ProvidedInfo, NewRole) :- ~same(PAttr, ValidRoles) & same(notspecified,PAttr) & same(stardirector, ValidRoles) setRole(In,NewRole):- same("a",In) & same(star,NewRole) setRole(In,NewRole):- same("b",In)& same(director,NewRole) setRole(In,NewRole):- same("c",In)& same(stardirector,NewRole) setRole(In,NewRole):- ~same("a",In) & ~same("b",In) & ~same("c",In)& same(stardirector,NewRole) & same("Didn't quite catch that. We're showing you all the results anyway.",OutputMessage1) /* Plural movie requested */ attributeFromList(_, Database, QAttr, PAttr, _, Message,Suffix, ValidRoles, ProvidedInfo) :- same(movie,QAttr)& same("s",Suffix) & matchesOrNotProvided(PAttr,ValidRoles, ProvidedInfo, NewRole) & same("You might be looking for the movies",M) & find_all_movies_by_type(NewRole, ProvidedInfo, Movies, Database) & concat_string_list_of_lists(Movies,Comb) & concat_string_list([M,Comb], Message) find_query_attributes(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) :- pattern1(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) find_query_attributes(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) :- pattern2(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) %find_question_attribute(WordList, Attr) :- pattern2(WordList, Attr) find_query_attributes(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) :- ~pattern1(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) & ~pattern2(WordList, QAttr, PAttr, Suffix) & same("randomInfo",QAttr) %all else fails choose a random one not provided info %Give ... attribute; e.g. Give me the movie with Bill Pullman qWordPat1("give") qWordPat1("who") qWordPat1("what") qWordPat1("show") % lara pattern1(WordList, ResultQ,ResultP, Suffix) :- member(QW, WordList) & qWordPat1(QW) & nth1(QInd, WordList, QW) & member(X, WordList) & token(X, ResultQ, Suffix)& nth1(AInd, WordList, X) & evaluate(min(AInd,QInd), QInd) & ~same(AInd,QInd) & member(Y, WordList)& token(Y,ResultP,_)& nth1(PInd, WordList, Y) & evaluate(min(PInd,AInd),AInd) & ~same(PInd,AInd) pattern1(WordList, ResultQ,ResultP, Suffix) :- member(QW, WordList) & qWordPat1(QW) & nth1(QInd, WordList, QW) &member(X, WordList) &token(X, ResultQ, Suffix) & nth1(AInd, WordList, X) & evaluate(min(QInd,AInd),QInd) & ~same(QInd,AInd) & ~negPatternHelper(_,WordList,ResultP,_,WordList,AInd)& same(ResultP,notspecified) pattern2(WordList, ResultQ,ResultP, Suffix) :- member(QW, WordList) & qWordPat1(QW) &nth1(QInd, WordList, QW)& member(X, WordList) & token(X, ResultQ, Suffix)& nth1(AInd, WordList, X) & evaluate(min(QInd,AInd), QInd) & ~same(QInd,AInd) & member(Y, WordList) &token(Y,ResultP,_) &nth1(PInd, WordList, Y) & evaluate(min(PInd,AInd), PInd) & ~same(PInd,AInd) pattern2(WordList, ResultQ,ResultP, Suffix) :- member(QW, WordList) & qWordPat1(QW)& nth1(QInd, WordList, QW)& member(X, WordList)& token(X, ResultQ, Suffix)& nth1(AInd, WordList, X) & evaluate(min(QInd,AInd), QInd) & ~same(QInd,AInd) & ~negPatternHelper(_,WordList,ResultP,_,WordList,AInd)& same(notspecified,ResultP) negPatternHelper(Y,WordList,ResultP,PInd,WordList,AInd) :- member(Y, WordList) & token(Y,ResultP,_) & nth1(PInd, WordList, Y) & evaluate(min(PInd,AInd), AInd) & ~same(PInd,AInd) token(S, A, Suffix) :- attribute_token(S, A, Suffix) attribute_token(S, star,Suffix) :- has_prefix("star", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, star,Suffix) :- has_prefix("act", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, director,Suffix) :- has_prefix("direct", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, director,_) :- same("by",S) attribute_token(S, director,Suffix) :- has_prefix("filmmaker", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, director,Suffix) :- has_prefix("made", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, director,Suffix) :- has_prefix("mak", Suffix, S) %making, make attribute_token(S, movie, Suffix) :- has_prefix("movie", Suffix, S) %movie, movies attribute_token(S, movie,Suffix) :- ~same("filmmaker",S)& has_prefix("film", Suffix, S) attribute_token(S, movie,Suffix) :- has_prefix("flick", Suffix, S) negToken("not", neg) negToken("no", neg) negToken(S, neg) :- has_suffix(_,"n't",S) /* did not convert: string_lower(+String, LowerCase) Convert String to lower case and unify the result with LowerCase. */